Mathematical PhysicsUnsolved

Yang–Mills Existence and Mass Gap

Prove that quantum Yang–Mills theory exists and has a positive mass gap.

Overview

This problem asks for a rigorous mathematical construction of quantum Yang–Mills theory in four dimensions and a proof that it exhibits a mass gap.

Why It Matters

Yang–Mills theory underpins the Standard Model. A rigorous construction would bridge physics intuition with mathematical foundations.

Current Status

Physicists have strong evidence, but a fully rigorous mathematical construction in 4D remains uncompleted.

What a Solution Would Require

A mathematically rigorous definition meeting axioms plus proof of a positive mass gap.